I have no personal experience with trailers on snow (sorry), but I have been riding on snow for many years and having raced the Iditarod Trail Invitational last year so I did search around and test for the most efficient way to carry gear on a bike over snow.
Regarding trailers, it's all been done and tried. Search around and you'll find LOTS of info.
Some examples:
This guy carried a sled across Baffin Island:
http://forums.mtbr.com/fat-bikes/fat-bike-traverse-solo-baffin-island%92s-remote-auyuittuq-national-park-910897.htmlThis guy (Mike C.) is one of the most experience in snow expedition I came across on the interweb. Search around and you will learn a lot from his adventures. A lot of info on is (many!) iditarod rides:
http://forums.mtbr.com/search.php?searchid=1451082He did test a custom fat trailer at one point:
http://forums.mtbr.com/fat-bikes/moots-snoots-ti-trailer-sale-912124.htmlAnd other miscellaneous. BOB and fat trailer modifications and discussions:
http://forums.mtbr.com/fat-bikes/bob-trailer-fat-tires-925154.htmlLike I said, lots of info available. Bottom line is: yes it can work but it depends on what your trying to achieve. That being said, I'm fairly confident that *most* experienced snow expedition bikers would not conclude that a trailer/sled is the most efficient way to carry gear over snowy trails. But efficiently might not be what you are after? So experiment and have fun! It the best way to learn!